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Endpoints of smooth plane dendroids

Volume 269 / 2025

David S. Lipham Fundamenta Mathematicae 269 (2025), 171-185 MSC: Primary 54F15; Secondary 54F45, 54F50 DOI: 10.4064/fm240509-26-2 Published online: 31 March 2025

Abstract

David Bellamy constructed in 1980 a surprising example of a dendroid with a connected set of endpoints. The example is smooth and lies in the plane. In this paper we prove that every smooth plane dendroid with one-dimensional endpoint set must contain a Bellamy dendroid (a smooth dendroid with connected endpoint set) or a Cantor fence (a copy of $2^\omega \times [0,1]$). In particular, if the endpoints are totally disconnected and one-dimensional then the dendroid is non-Suslinian. An example is constructed to show that this is false outside the plane.

Authors

  • David S. LiphamDepartment of Mathematics and Data Science
    College of Coastal Georgia
    Brunswick, GA 31520, USA
    e-mail

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